This observation was first reported by Zhao et al. This is not unlikely, as many studies previously suggested associations between blood group and other diseases and infections, including SARS-CoV-1 3, 4, 5. Several studies have emerged showing an association between ABO blood types and the risk of COVID-19 infection. There is currently no known biological biomarker that can predict the risk of being infected. Critically ill cases are most likely to raise the epidemiological curve for COVID-19, and overburden the health care system 2, and hence identifying individuals most at risk is critical to managing the pandemic. The rapid spread of the disease has inflicted immense strains on healthcare and testing resource. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing the current COVID-19 pandemic, has led to over 100 million cases and 2 million deaths worldwide 1. The current study, along with the variation in blood group association results, indicates that blood group may not be an ideal biomarker to predict risk of COVID-19 infection. No association between antibodies and both risk of infection or susceptibility to severe infection was found. We extended the analysis to study the association by antibodies anti-a (blood groups B and O) and anti-b (blood groups A and O). No association was observed between blood group and the risk of a severe ICU-requiring infection. We found a higher risk associated with blood group B, and a lower risk with blood group AB. In this study, we used retrospective observational data in Bahrain to investigate the association between ABO blood group and risk of infection, as well as susceptibility to severe ICU-requiring infection. Several studies emerged suggesting an association between ABO blood group and the risk of COVID-19 infection. There is currently no known biological biomarker that predicts the risk of infection.
Since its emergence in December 2019, research has been focused on treating the infected, identifying those at risk and preventing spread. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 100 million cases and caused immense burdens on governments and healthcare systems worldwide.
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